Main contributing factors include poor oral hygiene, frequent snacking on sugary or acidic foods, inadequate fluoride exposure, dry mouth (reduced saliva, which helps neutralise acid. Deep grooves or pits in teeth trap food and this is where cavities can generally start. Existing dental issues like gum disease or worn fillings can also increase your risk of dental cavities.
Signs and symptoms of cavities include tooth sensitivity (to cold, hot, sweet, or pressure). You may notice visible holes or dark spots on the tooth. You could also have toothache or spontaneous pain, pain when biting or chewing, bad breath or unpleasant taste or in severe cases, swelling, infection, or abscess.
At Geans Clinic we use a variety of techniques to diagnose and treat dental cavities following a thorough examination. Treatment depends on the extent of decay and can be limited to fluoride treatments for very early-stage decay as fluoride can help remineralise enamel. Dental fillings are the most common treatment that removes decay and fills the hole with a durable material like composite resin. Crowns may be indicated for larger cavities or weakened teeth which forms a protective cap placed over the tooth.
Root Canal Treatment may be indicated if the decay reaches the pulp (nerve) and this removes infected tissue and saves the tooth.
In cases of severe damage where the tooth can’t be saved, tooth extraction may be needed.
How to Prevent Cavities?
At Geans Clinic our hygienists and dentists recommend the following:
- Brush twice daily with fluoride toothpaste
- Floss daily to remove plaque between teeth
- Limit sugary snacks and drinks between meals
- Visit us regularly for check-ups and hygienist treatments
- Consider fissure sealants for children or high-risk adults
- Drink plenty of water, especially if you have a dry mouth
