Stained Teeth

Extrinsic stains

These affect the outer layer (enamel) and are often caused by:

Foods and drinks:

Coffee, tea, red wine, dark berries, cola, and soy sauce are common culprits.

Smoking and Tobacco:

Cigarettes, cigars, and chewing tobacco leave yellow or brown surface stains.

Poor Oral Hygiene:

Infrequent brushing and flossing can allow plaque and stain-causing particles to build up.

Certain Mouthwashes:

Products with chlorhexidine or cetylpyridinium chloride may cause brown stains with long-term use.

Intrinsic Stains

These develop within the tooth and can be more difficult to remove:

Medications:

• Tetracycline antibiotics (especially in childhood) can cause grey or brown discoloration.
• Antihistamines, high blood pressure meds, and antipsychotic drugs may also contribute.

Trauma or Injury:

A blow to a tooth can cause it to darken over time due to internal bleeding or pulp damage.

Fluorosis:

Overexposure to fluoride during tooth development can cause white or brown speckling.

Tooth Decay or Old Restorations:

Caries, leaking fillings, or degraded dental work can result in discoloration.

Age-Related Staining

• As we age, enamel wears down, revealing more of the naturally yellow dentin underneath.
• A lifetime of exposure to staining agents also contributes.

Can Tooth Stains Be Removed?

• Surface stains often respond well to professional cleaning and whitening treatments.
• Deeper stains may require internal bleaching, veneers, or composite bonding.